Spray gun



Jan. 12, 1932.

' SPRAY GUN Filed June 23, 1928 Patented Jan. 12, 1932 ca e stares CLAYTON w. HUFF, or TOLEDO, orno SPRAY GUN Application filed June23,

Myinvention has for its object to provide an e'ficient spray gun having a spray nozzle formed from a'single member through which both the air and the material is emitted and wherein the material is progressively subjected to the pressure of the air in advance of the emission of both the air and the material. -nozzle which is so constructed that it may besecurely' sealed in its connection with the source of supply of the material and yet may bereadilyadjusted with reference to other parts of the gun, which is particularly -advantageous where the spray nozzle produces a fan shaped spray or any spray other than the conical or spherical sprays.

Thus, the embodiments of .my' invention.

provide a means wherebya hollow or fishtailed spray may be formed by the use of an integral member constituting the nozzle and through which both the air and the material is emitted and which may be easily removed and cleaned. Preferably, .the nozzle is formed of hardened metal and the passageway for the material into the nozzle is sealed at its point of connection byinterfitting cone surfaces that are securelyqpressed against each other and which, consequently, maybe -forced, into an accurate sealing contact.

Thus leakage of the material at the nozzle is entirely eliminated and dependence upon threaded constructions for sealing the passageway for the material is entirely obviated. This enables a ready adjustment of the spray.

with reference to the gun andsecurement of a sealing connection, notwithstanding any achustment that may be made. V The inventlon may be contained in spray guns that-vary in their details of their construction. To illustrate a practical application of the invention, I have selected a spray gun containing the invention as an example of such structures and shall describe it hereinafter. The spray gun referred to is shown in the accompanying drawings. H Fig. l i's a perspective view of a spray gun containing my invention. [Fig. 2 illustrates a front view of the spray gun, the nozzle" having been removed to illustrate one of the sealing surfaces that seal the passageway for The invention also provides a spray 1928. Serial No. 287,696.

the material leading'from the sourceof sup-x ply of the material through the nozzle. Fig.

3 illustrates a .view of a section taken onthe plane of theline 3- 3 indicated in F 2, the nozzle also being shown in section; Fig.

4 is an end 'view ,ofthe nozzle very much enlarged and illustrates the relative. locations of the ends of the air and material passageways of the nozzle to .form a hollow spray thatmay-be advantageously used in spraying two delined areas located in spaced. relation to each other as, for example, spray.- ing grease on the sides of a baking pan. Fig. -5 illustrates diagrammatically the cones formed by the spray nozzle'illustrated in the other figures of the drawings. Fig; 6 illustratesamodificdform of spray nozzle that may be used in place of the particular spray nozzle illustratedin F ig.3 and whereby'the angle of the fan with respect to the handle or other. part of the gun may be adjusted to attain any desired resultsin the use of the spray gun.

In the particular form of construction 2 shown in Fig. 1, the spray gun is provided with a handle 1 that may be integrally connected to a shell 2. Amy form of device or means may be used for-supporting the shellthe shell 2 and,preferably, in alignment withtheaxis ofthe spray nozzle. Theair is di-' rected through the pipe 4 into the shell 2 through'a boss 5 that protrudes from the side connection within the boss 5 to the pipe 4 and through which air under pressure isdirected terminate ina threadedchamber 12 formed within the shell 2 and in whi'ch th nozzleis V .Secured. j g

' The nozzle ans-a head l6to than 151m- 2 in any desired position. .The material is Y directed through the pipe 3 into one end of Theshell 2 is also bored at 11, to establish a V to the nozzle. a The passageways lO-and 11 ice I female slightly raisedseat 21 that is adaptedto coact with the seat 19 to form-sealing contacting surfaces of relatively small cross sec tional area for sealing the passageway forv the material through the gun. By forming the seats of small cross sectional area, the pressure that may be exerted on the nozzle may be raised to a very large amountper unit of area, which will cause a perfect seal for the passageway and prevent the escape of'the materialinto the chamber 12 or the entrance of" the air fromthe chamber 12 into the passageway of the shank or sleeve of the nozzle. In order to producea high pressure over the small contact area between the nozzle and the shell, the nozzle is tightly secured and pressed against the seat of the shell'by means of a. threaded. hollow nut in the form' of a union or coupling, such-as the nut 23 which is threaded into the chamber 12 so'as to clamp the nozzle 15and force the small conical contacting areas one against the other. Prefer.- ably, the head 16 has a flange 24L that is engaged by an inwardly extending shoulder or flange 25 formed on the hollow nut 23. Thus,

the thread of the hollow nut and of the chamber 12 may be indiiferently machined but will nevertheless coact, by reason of the highpressure that may be produced thereby, to seal the passageway through whichthe material is moved by reason of the magnified pressure per unit of area that is produced throughout the contacting area of the small substantially conical. or sphericalmal'e and female surfaces 19. and 21 of the gun.

The outlets of the nozzle for the material and the air is varied according to the char acter of' the material used and according to the form-of spray that is to be produced andaccording to the character of the spray-as to its fume or smoke-like characteristic or as to the coarseness of the spray, that is, accord ingztothe size of the subdivided portions of the liquid that is sprayed. Preferably, the air is directed into the material passageway at av point near the outlet of the material eter of the passageway 20 and are bored-at an angle to a plane passing through the axis of the nozzle so that the axes of the bores are inclined one relative to the other, the d1stance between the outer ends of the bores being greater than the distance between the inner ends of the bores. The head is also provided with the passageways 28 and 29, for air, that extend diagonally from the outer end of the shank of the nozzle to the passageways 26 and 27 and to a point near the outer ends of the said passageways 26 and 27, the axes of the bores 28 and 29 being'located substantially in parallel planes and located in. spaced relation. and parallel to and in spaced relation and on opposite sides of the aXisof the nozzle, whereby the air will be continuously forced into the columns of the material formed in the passageways 26 and 27 and emitted from the outer ends of the passageways 26 and 27, forcing the material before it, as the material moves past the outer ends of the airpassageways 26 and 29 by the suction that is created by the swiftly This produces two conical sprays 30 and 31 substantially as indicated.

escaping air.

diagrammatically in Fig. 5. A slight fume 32 will'be formed between the sprays by reason-of theresistance of the stationary air of the atmosphere into which the swiftly moving current is injected. This fume, however, does not produce an effective part of the spray, that is, the material within the fume: is not disposed on the object sprayed, unlessthe object and the spray gun are located'inproximity to eachother. The spray formed by the nozzle is thus distributed over two definite areas which may be utilized, if de: sired, for greasing the sidesof pans, while obviating the deposition of grease; on, the bottom of the pan, or the-spray may be utilized for producing striped or colorful or shaded elf'ects as may be desired.

In the form of construction shown in Fig. 3, to definitely'locate the nozzle with respect to the gun, the nozzle may be provided with a flange 35 located in slightly spaced rela.- tion with respect to the bottom of the recess 12 soasto permit the full pressure exertible by thehollow nut 23, to be-exerted by the cone surface 19= on the cone surface 21. The

flange 35 may be provided with a recess 36' and'apin 37 may be secured on the bottom-oi" the chamber 12 and so as to be located in the recess 36' when the nozzle 15 is located in a definite rela-tion withrespect to the other; parts of the gun. This locates the spray, where it is other than spherical or conical, in a definite plane with respect to the gun, such as, with respect to'the handle of the gun. here it is desired to vary the location of the axis of the nozzle with respect to other parts of the gun, the registering means is omitted, as in the form of construction shown in Fig. 6, whereby. the nozzle may be turned to any position with respect to the gun and, consequently, the general plane ofthe spray formed by the particular nozzle shown in the drawings may be adjusted with reference to the handle of sired.

Inasmuch as the nozzle 15 forms the outlet for both the air and thematerial, and inasmuch as the nozzle may be readily secured in position or replaced, nozzles for different forms of sprays may be provided and one may be substituted for the other in the gun, in order to produce the desired form of spray. The nozzles are formed with accuracy at the factory by properly locating and forming the passageways in the nozzle and since all the gun as may be deadjustments are eliminated with respect to passageway and smaller in diameter than the the inlets and outlets of the air and material, the spray gun cannot get out of adjustment. Also, the sealing connection can be readily made, which enables ready replacement of one nozzle for the other. Also, the nozzles may be formed of hardened material which prevents misshaping the outlets by prying or forcing. tools into the nozzles when plugged. Also, by reason of theready removability of the nozzle, it may be easily placed in a solvent and cleansed from any material that may have been sprayed therewith.

I claim:

1. In a spray gun, a nozzle'formed of an integral member having a plurality of air passageways and a plurality of material passageways, each of said air passageways located on one side of its associated material passageway, and the air passageways inclined in opposite directions away from a plane extending through the axis of the nozzle, the said air passageways opening into the material passageways near the outlets of the material passageways, the material passageways located at an angle to the axis of the gun and each of said material passageways inclined from the said plane in a direction opposite to that in which its associated air passageway is inclined to the said plane.

2. In a spray gun, a nozzle formed of an integral member having a plurality of air passageways and a plurality of material passageways, each of said air passageways located on one side of its associated material passageway, and the air passageways inclined in opposite directions away from a-plane extending through the axis of the nozzle, the

said air passageways opening into the material passageways near the outlets of the material passageways, the air passageways located substantially in parallel spaced planes located on the opposite sides of the axis of the nozzle to locate the plane of the flat brush spray formed by thenozzle intermediate'the planes in which the air passageways are located.

3. In a spray gun, a nozzle formed of a single member and having an air passageway and a material passageway, the material passageway extending axially with respect to the member, the member having a substantially-convexsurface located at the inner end of;the m'aterialipassageway, thevgun face, means forfforcing the surface of the member against thesurface of the. shellto form a complete -circular-li'ne contact.

4. In a spray. gun, a nozzle member having a pair of material passageways terminating at the outer surface of the member, the material passageways substantially cylindrical in form at the said surface, and an air passageway associated with each material material passageway and opening into the associated material passageway at a point in proximity to the said surface, the material passageways communicating interiorly and located at an angle to the axis of the member and inclined one with respect to the other, each of the air passageways inclined to its associated material passageway, "and also to the plane. extending through the axis of the gun and through the centers of the outlets of the material passageways.

5. In a spray gun, a'nozzle member having a pair of restricted cylindrical material passageways terminating at the outer sur-- face ofthe member,and an air passageway associated with each material passageway and smaller in diameter than the material passageway and. opening into the associated material passageway at a point in proximity to the said surface and in the restricted area of the material passageway, the axis of the said air passageway intersecting the axis of the material passageway at the said surface, the material passageways connecting interiorly and located at an angle to each other and to the axis of the member and inclined one with respect to the other, each of the air passageways inclined to its associated material passageway, and also to the plane extending through the axes of the material passageways. I p

6. In a spraygun, a nozzle formed of a single member and having air passageways and material passageways, the air passageways opening into the material passageways at points in close proximity to the exterior of the member, the member having an axially extend-ing material passageway communicating with the first named material passageways, the member having a substantially convex surface located at the inner end of the axially extending material passageway, the gun having a shell, the shell having a narrow annular surface inclined to the convex surface, means for forcing the convex surface of the member against the narrow annu lar surface of the shell to form a completecir- V I cular line sealing contact between the member I into. the she11' ,.the-. inward1y. extending flange adapted'to engage the fiangeof thecmemben to. clamp: the convex surface-of the member against the annular surface: of the shell.

In witness whereof I have hereunto signed 5 mynamei tel-this specification.

CLAY-TEN W. 

